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미국의 예외주의와 타자들의 공동체: 토니 모리슨의 『자비』

American Exceptionalism and a Community of Others: Toni Morrison’s A Mercy

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This study examines the devastating effects of American exceptionalism of the European settlers in American colonies on a community of displaced people in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy. In A Mercy, Morrison, in relation to American exceptionalism, explores the history of a heterogenous, multi-ethnic community in the seventeenth century, the period before the time of the American nation. It was the chaotic era of American origins when slavery was not yet institutionalized and thus racism was not connected to slavery. Under the exceptionalist myth of the chosen and the others, good and evil, the community of others, once dependent on each other with familial ties, ended up in split and disruption while racism joined slavery as a result of the ideology of separation.

Abstract

This study examines the devastating effects of American exceptionalism of the European settlers in American colonies on a community of displaced people in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy. In A Mercy, Morrison, in relation to American exceptionalism, explores the history of a heterogenous, multi-ethnic community in the seventeenth century, the period before the time of the American nation. It was the chaotic era of American origins when slavery was not yet institutionalized and thus racism was not connected to slavery. Under the exceptionalist myth of the chosen and the others, good and evil, the community of others, once dependent on each other with familial ties, ended up in split and disruption while racism joined slavery as a result of the ideology of separation.

참고문헌 (35)

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  3. Bass, Patrick Henry, "Have Mercy!", Essence, 39(8), pp.87~ (2008)
  4. Behdad, Ali, "A Forgetful Nation. On Immigration and Cultural Identity in the United States" (2005), Duke UP
  5. Bouges, Anthony, "Politics, Nation and PostColony: Caribbean Inflections", Small Axe, 11(6), pp.1~30 (2002)
  6. Cantiello, Jessica Wells, "From Pre-Racial to Post-Racial?: Reading and Reviewing A Mercy in the Age of Obama", MELUS, 36(2), pp.165~183 (2011)
  7. d’Errico, Peter, "Jeffrey Amherst and Smallpox Blankets", ~ (2010)
  8. Griffin, Farah Jasmine, "Toni Morrison, Forty Years in the Clearing", pp.116~127 (2012), Bucknell UP
  9. Gustafson, Sandra M., "Projecting Early American Literary Studies", American Literary History, 22(2), pp.245~249 (2010)
  10. Harris, Ann E., "Women, Work and Bondage in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy", Forum on Public Policy 2010 (2010)
  11. Hartman, Sadiya V, "Scenes of Subjection. Terror, Slavery, and Self-making in Nineteenth Century America" (1997), Oxford UP
  12. Hartman, Sadiya V, "Lose Your Mother. A Journey Along the Atlantic Slave Route" (2007), Farrar
  13. Jennings, La Vinia Delois, "A Mercy: Toni Morrison Plots the Formation of Racial Slavery in Seventeenth Century America", Callaloo, 32(2), pp.645~649 (2009)
  14. Jordan, Don, "White Cargo: The Forgotten History of Britain’s White Slaves in America" (2007), NYU P
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  16. Karavanta, Mina, "Toni Morrison’s A Mercy and the Counterwriting of Negative communities: A Postnational Novel", Modern Fiction Studies, 58(4), pp.723~746 (2012)
  17. Madsen, Deborah L., "American Exceptionalism" (1998), UP of Mississippi
  18. Marcus, James, "This side of Paradise", ~ (1998)
  19. Montgomery, Maxine L., "Got on My Traveling Shoes: Migration, Exile, and Home in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy", Journal of Black Studies, 42(2), pp.627~637 (2011)
  20. Morrison, Tony, "Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination" (1992), Harvard UP
  21. Morrison, Tony, "The House That Race Built", pp.3~12 (1998), Vinatge
  22. Morrison, Tony, "A Mercy" (2008), Vintage
  23. Mueller, Stephanie, "The Presence of the Past in the Novels of Toni Morrison" (2013), Winter
  24. Neary, Lynn, "Toni Morrison Discusses A Mercy", ~ (2008)
  25. Norris, Michele, "Toni Morrison Finds ‘A Mercy’ in Servitude", ~ (2008)
  26. Pease, Donald E, "The New American Exceptionalism" (2009), U of Minnesota P
  27. Radhakrishnan, R., "Theory in an Uneven World" (2003), Blackwell
  28. Roynon, Tessa, "The Cambridge Introduction to Toni Morrison" (2013), Cambridge UP
  29. Said, Edward W, "Culture and Imperialism" (1994), Vintage
  30. Smallwood, Christine, "Back Talk: Toni Morrison", The Nation, 8, pp.37~ (2008)
  31. Schreiber, Evelyn J, "Race, Trauma, and Home in the Novels of Toni Morrison", pp.157~176 (2010), Louisiana State UP
  32. Spanos, William V, "American Exceptionalism in the Age of Globalization: The Specter of Vietnam" (2008), SUNY P
  33. Strehle, Susan, "‘I Am a Thing Apart’: Toni Morrison, A Mercy, and American Exceptionalism", Critique, 54(2), pp.109~123 (2013)
  34. Tally, Justine, "The Cambridge Companion to Toni Morrison", pp.75~92 (2007), Cambridge UP
  35. Updike, John, "Dreamy Wilderness: Unmastered Women in Colonial Virginia", The New Yorker 3 Nov. 2008, ~ (2008)

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