An Analysis of Indirect Borrowing of the Suffix -ment
An Analysis of Indirect Borrowing of the Suffix –ment
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This study investigates the process of affix borrowing in English, focusing on the noun suffix -ment and its role in morphological borrowing during language contact. Previous research, including Seifart (2015), identifies two methods of affix borrowing: direct borrowing, where affixes are adopted from the source language, and indirect borrowing, where complex loanwords are borrowed and later analyzed in the target language. There are many loanword suffixes in English, but this study focuses on -ment because of its high productivity. This article aims to determine if the suffix -ment was introduced into English through direct or indirect borrowing. Using diachronic and corpus-based empirical analysis, data from COHA The Corpus of Historical American English , COCA The Corpus of Contemporary American English , and OED The Oxford English Dictionary , are examined. The study covers the period from Middle English to Modern English, assessing the suffix’s frequency, loanwords containing it, and its attachment to native words. The results indicate that -ment was initially borrowed as derivatives and later attached to native words, supporting the conclusion that -ment is an example of indirect borrowing.
Abstract
This study investigates the process of affix borrowing in English, focusing on the noun suffix -ment and its role in morphological borrowing during language contact. Previous research, including Seifart (2015), identifies two methods of affix borrowing: direct borrowing, where affixes are adopted from the source language, and indirect borrowing, where complex loanwords are borrowed and later analyzed in the target language. There are many loanword suffixes in English, but this study focuses on -ment because of its high productivity. This article aims to determine if the suffix -ment was introduced into English through direct or indirect borrowing. Using diachronic and corpus-based empirical analysis, data from COHA The Corpus of Historical American English , COCA The Corpus of Contemporary American English , and OED The Oxford English Dictionary , are examined. The study covers the period from Middle English to Modern English, assessing the suffix’s frequency, loanwords containing it, and its attachment to native words. The results indicate that -ment was initially borrowed as derivatives and later attached to native words, supporting the conclusion that -ment is an example of indirect borrowing.
참고문헌 (7)
- Crystal, David, "The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English. Language" (2003), Cambridge UP
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- "The Corpus of Historical American English" (2010)[URL]
- Marchand, Hans, "The Categories and Types of Present-day English Word formation: A Synchronic-diachronic Approach" (1969), Beck
- Paul, Hermann, "Principles of the History of Language" (1891), Longman
- Seifart, Frank, "Direct and Indirect Borrowing", Language, 91(3), pp.511~532 (2015)[DOI]