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조지 허버트의 『성전』에 나타난 종교, 언어와 시

Religion, Language and Poetry in George Herbert’s The Temple

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This paper examines the language and poetry of George Herbert’s The Temple with regard to his religious leanings. Despite the preponderance of studies that identify Protestant characteristics in Herbert’s poetry, few can explain the relationship between his religious leanings and his poetics, especially regarding the presence of opaque poetic forms and language in The Temple. The condition of the fall necessitates fallen modes of communication, where opacity cannot be avoided. I see in The Temple, especially in “The Altar” ― which is the first poem in the main body of The Temple that falls under the title The Church ― an acute awareness and celebration of the physicality and opacity of the poem’s form, which is not meant to be negated, despite what champions of Herbert’s Protestant poetics say. Rather than try to explain Herbert’s formality away through broad-sweeping poetics, I suggest we take a serious look back to the position once held by Herbert scholars in the mid-20th century ― that Herbert’s religion was a fairly comfortable confusion of Catholic and Protestant elements that were the lamentable traits of Anglicanism that were loudly denounced by the Puritans.

Abstract

This paper examines the language and poetry of George Herbert’s The Temple with regard to his religious leanings. Despite the preponderance of studies that identify Protestant characteristics in Herbert’s poetry, few can explain the relationship between his religious leanings and his poetics, especially regarding the presence of opaque poetic forms and language in The Temple. The condition of the fall necessitates fallen modes of communication, where opacity cannot be avoided. I see in The Temple, especially in “The Altar” ― which is the first poem in the main body of The Temple that falls under the title The Church ― an acute awareness and celebration of the physicality and opacity of the poem’s form, which is not meant to be negated, despite what champions of Herbert’s Protestant poetics say. Rather than try to explain Herbert’s formality away through broad-sweeping poetics, I suggest we take a serious look back to the position once held by Herbert scholars in the mid-20th century ― that Herbert’s religion was a fairly comfortable confusion of Catholic and Protestant elements that were the lamentable traits of Anglicanism that were loudly denounced by the Puritans.

참고문헌 (17)

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  3. Eliot, T. S, "Studies in Sanctity VIII: George Herbert", Spectator, 148, pp.360~361 (1932)
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  5. Fish, Stanley, "The Living Temple in George Herbert and Catechizing" (1978), U of California P
  6. Herbert, George, "The Complete English Poems" (1991), Penguin
  7. Lewalski, Barbara Kiefer, "Protestant Poetics and the Seventeenth-Century Religious Lyric" (1979), Princeton UP
  8. Malcolmson, Cristina, "Heart Work in George Herbert and the Protestant Ethic" (1999), Stanford UP
  9. Martz,Louis L, "The Poetry of Meditation: A Study in English Religious Literature of the Seventeenth Century" (1954), Yale UP
  10. Milton, John, "The Complete Poetry and Essential Prose of John Milton" (2007), Modern Library
  11. Rickey,Mary Ellen, "Utmost Art in Complexity in the Verse of George Herbert" (1966), U of Kentucky P
  12. Ross,Malcolm MacKenzie, "Poetry and Dogma in The Transfiguration of Eucharistic Symbols in Seventeenth Century English Poetry" (1954), Rutgers UP
  13. Schoenfeldt,Michael C, "Prayer and Power in George Herbert and Renaissance Courtship" (1991), U of Chicago P
  14. Strier, Richard, "Love Known in Theology and Experience in George Herbert’s Poetry" (1983), U of Chicago P
  15. Summers, Joseph H, "George Herbert in His Religion & Art" (1981), Medieval & Renaissance Studies
  16. Todd,Richard, "The Opacity of Signs in Acts of Interpretation in George Herbert’s The Temple" (1986), U of Missouri
  17. Veith, Gene E., Jr, "The Religious Wars in George Herbert Criticism in Reinterpreting Seventeenth-Century Anglicanism", George Herbert Journal, 11, pp.19~33 (1988)

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