『우상파괴자』: 정치적 우상화에 대한 밀턴의 비판
Eikonoklastes: Milton’s Criticism of Political Idolization
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Eikonoklastes does not merely deal with Milton’s justification of the regicide of the dead king Charles I but the political idolization of any monarch, which leads to a potential threat to the freedom of the people. In this prose, Milton responds to and criticizes Charles’political self-idolization depicted in Eikon Basilike, while he repeats and extends his own theory of popular sovereignty suggested in The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates. In both Eikonoklastes and The Tenure, Milton argues for the people’s rights and freedom, and emphasizes the social contract for the kingship between the king and his people. Milton fears and warns that Charles’ political idolization, though attempted posthumously after the regicide, may lead to a revival of tyrannical monarchy. In Milton’s view, Eikon is a kind of artistic fiction beatifying the dead king’s tyrannical life, providing a forged image of the dead king as a martyr or the second Christ. Though Milton is deeply disappointed at the “inconstant, irrational, and image-doting rabble,” he attempts to persuade them to turn back by reminding them of the dead king’s tyranny and his last political self- idolization. For this purpose, he attempts to destroy Charles’ political idolization cunningly fabricated in Eikon, by pointing out related historical facts one by one. Though Cromwell’s republican government fails by the Restoration, Milton’s republican ideal revives along with the Glorious Revolution in 1688, and still remains in the heart of the English people.
Abstract
Eikonoklastes does not merely deal with Milton’s justification of the regicide of the dead king Charles I but the political idolization of any monarch, which leads to a potential threat to the freedom of the people. In this prose, Milton responds to and criticizes Charles’political self-idolization depicted in Eikon Basilike, while he repeats and extends his own theory of popular sovereignty suggested in The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates. In both Eikonoklastes and The Tenure, Milton argues for the people’s rights and freedom, and emphasizes the social contract for the kingship between the king and his people. Milton fears and warns that Charles’ political idolization, though attempted posthumously after the regicide, may lead to a revival of tyrannical monarchy. In Milton’s view, Eikon is a kind of artistic fiction beatifying the dead king’s tyrannical life, providing a forged image of the dead king as a martyr or the second Christ. Though Milton is deeply disappointed at the “inconstant, irrational, and image-doting rabble,” he attempts to persuade them to turn back by reminding them of the dead king’s tyranny and his last political self- idolization. For this purpose, he attempts to destroy Charles’ political idolization cunningly fabricated in Eikon, by pointing out related historical facts one by one. Though Cromwell’s republican government fails by the Restoration, Milton’s republican ideal revives along with the Glorious Revolution in 1688, and still remains in the heart of the English people.
참고문헌 (24)
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