『잡가(단국대본)』2의 성격과 가집의 유형 분류

Abstract

The Yulgok Library of Dankook University houses Japga, a well-known collection of Gasa works, and another book with the same title. This study called it Japga 2 to tell it from the old Japga(Japga 1) and investigated its characteristics in details, highlighting a need to revise the viewpoints in the classification of collections of songs by the type. Japga 2 is a collection of songs including 186 Sijochang Saseols, four Gasas, and two Japgas. It has the following characteristics: first, the works in this collection seem to record Saseols sung at real sites of performance as they were; second, it is similar to Namhuntaepyeongga on the surface, but its characteristics encompass those of the collections of songs in the line of Namhuntaepyeongga and other collections of songs. This collection thus includes a good number of exclusive works; third, the publication of the collection is estimated around 1900; and fourth, it makes no distinction between Gasas and Japgas even though they are mixed under Chunmyeongok. Japga 2 offers harmony between Sijos, Gasas, and Japgas. Such a case used to be categorized as a collection of Sijochangs, which is demonstrated by the practice of calling Namhuntaepyeongga as a representative collection of Sijochangs. This derived from a practice of dividing collections of songs from the latter part of Joseon into collections of Gagokchangs and collections of Sijochangs. This dichotomy, however, has limitations with explaining the dynamic changes of Sijos and Gasa. As Sijos and Gasas underwent dynamic changes between Jeongga and Sokga, there is a need for a structure to understand collections of songs to peek at these changes. Such a structure should focus on the ways that Sijos and Gasas were combined with Gagoks or Japgas. A combination of Sijos and Gasas with Gagoks poses a high possibility of a Jeongga collection of songs. A combination of Sijos and Gasas with Japgas poses a big possibility of a Sokga collection of songs. This places importance on the reason behind "Japga" in the title Japga 2. In this case, "Japga" was used to signify "Sokga," which means that Japga 2 should be classified as a Sokga collection of songs rather than a collection of Sijochangs.