조선후기 「觀瀑詩」와 「觀瀑圖」의 미적 관련 양상

Abstract

This paper discusses aesthetic forms of viewing falls with notices that literature and painting are formed differently although they are under the same spirit of art. In a broad sense, viewing falls is viewing water. General implications of water suggested in the Oriental literature can be summarized as threes. First, water implies the source of life. The continual flow of water represented the strong power of life. Second, water is the symbol of truth. Water whose nature is not changed and which keeps downward symbolized the attitudes of firm belief and moderation to be kept by scholars. Third, water implies isolation from the mundane world. Water ties or separates between lands. Proud scholars went to rivers when their fidelities were not accepted because they thought water kept them somewhat distant from the world and cleaned them off dirts of the world. Aesthetic forms of viewing falls are classified into five. First, it is grandeur which forms a magnificent appearance. It is a visual magnificence overwhelming with the size of appearance and auditorial one felt from the sound of falling water. Auditorial images revealed in paintings are realized through associations with formative images of falls closed up at a very narrow angle like in <The Parkyun Falls> by Sun Jung. This is a characteristic of real landscape painters in the late Chosun only. Second, it is the formation of coolness. Coolness is classified into idealistic coolness which means the state of empty mind and sensible coolness which means the sense of skin touch. The aesthetic form of the latter is an aesthetic recognition and view which cannot be found in previous verses and paintings. The form seems an outcome of perceiving and recognizing real landscapes in the late Chosun. Third, it is the formation of beautiful secret scenes. It shows the beauty of beans threaded by the old Cho. mystery of the galaxy fell down from space, rarity of dance by a dragon and birds together and beauty of a rainbow hovering in the day. Fourth, it is the formation of seeking after truth represented by lively falls. Fifth, it is the formation of unwordily beauty suggesting isolation from the mundane world. It illustrates falling waters whose thundering sounds prevailing the whole valley allow the isolation.