고대 제천의식에 나타난 집단무용과 그 변화

Abstract

This The study has focused on the group dancing which was danced in harvest festivals during the Tribal Nation Period. In Dongyi Liezhuan of Hou Han Shu(後漢書) and Dongyi Zhuan of San Guo Zhi were recorded that the dances were performed in our ancient harvest festivals. Evidences discovered so far indicate that all people in those very old days have participated in the group dance in Younggo(迎鼓) of Buyeo, Dongmaeng(東盟) of Goguryeo, Muchon(舞天) of Ye castle town-nation and the season festival of Sam Han. The reason for why the group dance was possible in the harvest festivals at that time was because it was still a Tribal Nation Period. In other words, there was not a distinct conceptual division between professional dancers who danced as career and ordinary audience. As a result, the music and the movements used in the group dance are considered to be simple and easy to follow. In the harvest festivals, people could enjoy dancing regardless of social positions. As people were all dancing the group dance in those ceremonies held in a size of a national festival, a spirit of community in the tribal society has become strengthened. The dances in that period featured a religious ceremony dance, an agricultural dance and a social folk dance. The group dance in the harvest festivals has been eventually disappeared as the Tribal Nation Period was transferred to The Three Kingdoms Period. The tribes began to establish a centralized state and in consequence, only the ritualistic features of the harvest festivals were being emphasized while only kings and nobles were allowed to participate in the festivals. Among the characteristics of the harvest festivals in the Tribal Nation Period, the characteristic of the national festival which would provoke the spirit of community has been handed over to Palguan-Hoe(八關會). For the characteristic of the group dancing, it has been consistently passed down in a harvest festival of a local regions, but not of the state. The representative examples for this phenomenon are a ritual festival and a village festival.