한국도자에 나타난 조류문(鳥類紋)의 상징성과 조형성 연구

Abstract

Since Pottery has many forms and patterns, and is considered to be the majority of Korean artworks, it has been the primary source for determining the culture and sociology of its generation. It is thanks to the patterns and advanced modeling which allow the elucidation of emotion, ideas, customs, and faith that were present in its days of development. This research aimed to uproot and elaborate the symbolism and the method of formativeness behind the bird-patterns which are extensively engraved and painted in celadon, buncheong, and white porcelain. The most commonly perceived types of birds that appear in the pottery are the phoenix, crane, mandarin duck, parrot, wild goose, magpie, and bat. There are also the miscellaneous classed birds such as goose, hawk, sparrow, pheasant, crow, and peacock. This research was carried out by subjects mentioned above as they were positively distinguishable. Each bird has its own separate meanings such as religion, faith, and lucky omens. The phoenix represents ‘peaceful reign,’ the crane ‘long life,’ the mandarin duck ‘married life,’ the parrot a merry marriage, the duck the highest passing mark in the state, the wild goose faithfulness, wellbeing, and peace, the magpie happiness, gratitude, and justice, and finally the bat symbolizes ‘five blessings’ and prosperity. The significance about these patterns and forms is first, it doesn’t possess the sense of crowdedness in terms of how the patterns are organized when compared with other culture’s pottery. Korean pottery displays a skill of perspicacity by using the empty spaces as a part of the art itself and by spot lighting the birds to highlight the beauty of the overall simplicity. Secondly, it focuses on the briefness of color use and the positioning of the birds. Celadon engravings or inlaid-works show the creative and temperately formulized patterns, while the White Porcelain attempt to reflect the birds’ sense of motion and physicality through fine brushings. The third significance is its great collaboration of salience and simplicity. And the last is its absence of awkwardness, which frustrates the viewers, in use of all these aspects—salience, simplicity, collusion—that make this certain type of pottery unique.