포름알데히드에 의한 금속시편의 손상 특성
Damage Characteristics of Metal specimens by Formaldehyde
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초록
포름알데히드의 금속 손상은 보편적으로 알려진 것에 비해 손상농도와 손상정도의 정량화는 명확하지 않다. 본 연구는 금속시편(은, 구리, 철, 납, 황동)을 대상으로 가스부식시험기를 이용하여 포름알데히드 0.5, 1, 10, 100, 500 ppm 농도에서의 손상, 손상농도에서 온․습도 조건에 따른 손상 가중, 손상농도에서 열화금속시편의 손상을 광학적, 화학적, 물리적 측정방법으로 평가하였다. 이 결과, 포름알데히드 농도 500 ppm/day에서 납시편의 광학적, 화학적, 물리적 손상과 전체금속시편의 광학적 손상이 확인되었다. 기본조건(25℃, 50%), 고온조건(30℃, 50%)에서는 일부시편의 광학적 손상이 가중되었고, 고온․고습조건(30℃, 80%), 고습조건(25℃, 80%)에서는 납시편의 화학적 손상이 각각 2.8배, 1.3배 가중되었다. 열화금속시편의 포름산이온 농도 결과, 철시편, 황동시편의 부식 생성물은 포름알데히드 가스와 활발히 반응하는 것으로 나타났으며, 납시편의 표면 산화막은 포름알데히드 가스와의 반응을 감소시키거나 차단하는 것으로 확인되었다.
Abstract
The formaldehyde is damage to the metal are known universally. However, the quantification of the damage level and degree of damage is not clear. This study was conducted to test the following steps using a gas corrosion tester, and then evaluated by the optical, chemical and physical measurement. First, it was confirmed the damage level of the metal specimen(silver, copper, iron, lead, brass) by the formaldehyde(0.5, 1, 10, 100, 500 ppm). Second, Weighted damage to the metal specimens were tested according to the temperature and humidity conditions under damage levels. Third, the damage of accelerated degradation metal specimens were examined under damage levles. As a result, At 500 ppm / day, the optical, chemical and physical damage of lead have been identified, the optical damage of all metals are was observed. the optical damage of some specimens were weighted in 25℃-50%, 30℃-50%. Chemical damage to the lead specimen is 2.8 times, 1.3 times were weighted in 30℃-80%, 25℃-80%. Referring to formate ion concentration of the accelerated degradation metal, corrosion products of iron and brass were actived the reaction of the formaldehyde gas, oxide film of lead was blocked the reaction of formaldehyde gas.
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