한국 판벽화 채색층 보존처리 고착제의 내후성 연구
A Study on the Weathering Resistance of Fixatives Used on Conservation of Painting Layer of Korea Wooden Painting
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초록
현재 한국 판벽화에 대한 연구는 극히 드물며 정확한 정의, 손상원인 등의 연구 또한 명확히 이루어지지 않고있다. 따라서 판벽화 및 단청의 채색층 박리부위 고착을 위한 고착처리제의 내후성을 비교하였다 . 시료는 육송 위 총5종의 호분, 자황, 석간주, 뇌록, 삼청안료를 채색하고 아교, 우뭇가사리, Methyl cellulose, PVAc계열 고착제(Caparolbinder) 총 4종의 고착제를 각각 농도 0.5%, 1.5%로 도포하여 비교하였다. 고착 보존처리 후 문화재에 발생할 수 있는환경변화 요소인 온·습도, 자외선을 인위적으로 조사(照射)하였다. 조사 후 환경에 따른 물성 변화는 색차변화, 박리손상도 평가, 표면관찰을 통해 다각적으로 관찰하였다. 실험결과, 아교는 타 고착제들에 비해 모든 채색층이 안정적으로고착되었으나 실외에 노출되어 있는 삼청에 사용할 시 황변이 우려되었다. 우뭇가사리는 아교와 마찬가지로 삼청은자외선에 의한 영향을 받으나 이외에 급격한 온·습도 변화에는 타 고착제에 비해 고착력이 가장 우수했다. Methyl cellulose는일정 이상 농도에서 광택에 유의하여야 하며 급격한 온·습도 변화에 비교적 강했으며 PVAc계열 고착제(Caparolbinder)는 타 고착제들에 비해 고착성이 현저히 떨어졌다.
Abstract
Currently, there are very few studies on Korean wall paintings. Therefore, this study discusses the currentconditions of wooden paintings and the characteristics of the adhesive agent in the painting layer separation. Korean landpine was chosen as the support, while white oysters shells, orpiment, red ocher, Noerok, and azurite were used as pigments. With four adhesive agents, including animal glue, Gelidium, methyl cellulose, and PVAc (caparol binder), a comparativeexperiment was conducted, by dividing them into two concentrations, of 0.5% and 1.5%. The temperature, humidity, andultraviolet rays, which are contributing environmental factors in cultural assets after fixing, were artificially investigated. After deterioration, observed color difference, fixing, and the surface. Results showed that the animal glue strongly fixingall the colored layers compared to the other adhesives; however, azurite had a partial change when used outdoors. WithGelidium, which functioned similar to animal glue, the azurite was affected by the ultraviolet rays; nevertheless, despitethe variations in temperature and humidity, it had the best gripping force compared to the other adhesive agents. Methylcellulose was glossy at a high concentration, and was relatively strong against rapid changes in temperature and humidity. PVAc significantly reduced the binding force, compared to other adhesive agents.
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