AD 1950년 전후 고고유적의 절대연대측정에 대한 고찰: 오송 봉산리 옹기가마 유적을 중심으로
The Development of Earthenware Kilns in Bongsan‐ri Archaeological Site, Osong: Implications for Pre‐ and Post‐1950 AD Absolute Age Determination
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초록
이 연구에서는 19세기 말부터 20세기 후반까지 사용된 것으로 알려진 오송 봉산리 옹기가마 유적에서 채취된 가마벽체 시료를 대상으로 TL/OSL 연대측정을 수행하였다. 고고선량은 SAR-TL/OSL법을 이용하여 측정된 매장기간 동안 시료에 축적된 흡수선량(EDburial), 배경선량(EDBG), fading 보정인자(f), 과대산출 보정인자(C)로부터 결정되었다. 또한 연간선량율 및 원산지는 시료의 자연방사능핵종(238U, 232Th, 40K)을 분석하여 산출되었다. 각 옹기가마의 TL/OSL 연대와 방사성탄소 연대를 비교 검토한 결과, 본 유적과 같은 근·현대 고고유적의 절대연대 편년을 위해서는 TL/OSL 연대측정과 방사성탄소 연대측정을 함께 수행하여 결합연대를 산출하는 것이 타당하다고 판단되었다 . 오송 봉산리 옹기가마 유적의 조성 및 운영시기가 I 단계(5호, 6호 옹기가마) → II 단계(1호, 2호, 3호 옹기가마) → III 단계(4호 옹기가마)로 변천된다는 사실에 근거하여 베이지안 통계분석을 수행한 결과, 가장 이른 시기인 I 단계 옹기가마들의 사용 및 폐기시점은 1910±23년, II 단계는 1970±10년, III 단계는 1987±4년으로 각각 절대연대 편년되었으며, 이는 고고학적 편년관과도 정확히 일치하였다.
Abstract
We conducted TL/OSL dating for the earthenware kilns in the Bongsan-ri archaeological site, Osong, which was occupied from the late nineteenth to the late twentieth century. With the SAR-TL/OSL method, paleodose was determined from the equivalent dose during the burial period(EDburial), the background dose(EDBG), the fading correction factor(f), and the overestimation correction factor(C). The annual dose rates and their provenance were evaluated from the measurement of natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th, and 40K. Because the comprehensive absolute age was provided by combining the resulting TL/OSL and radiocarbon data, we concluded that, for the absolute chronology of a modern archaeological site, TL/OSL dating and radiocarbon dating must be carried out together and summed. The construction and occupation of earthenware kilns in the Bongsan-ri site had changed from stage I (No.5, 6 kilns), to stage II (No.1, 2, 3 kilns), to stage III (No.4) in chronological order. When Bayesian statistics were applied, we found that the absolute ages of occupation for stages I, II, and III correspond to AD 1910±23, AD 1970±10, and AD 1987±4. These results were in good agreement with the archaeological context or chronology.
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