완주 신풍유적 출토 고려시대 청동생산 부산물의 재료학적 특성
The Study on Material Characteristics of the By-Products of the Production of Bronze during the Goryeo Dynasty Excavated from the Sinpung Site, Wanju, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
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초록
전북 완주 신풍유적 출토 고려시대 슬래그와 송풍관을 대상으로 신풍유적의 야동기술(冶銅技術)성격을 확인하고, 납 원료산지를 추정하기 위해 납동위원소비를 실시하여 알아보았다. 성분분석 결과, Cu-Sn-Pb 삼원계 합금하는 과정에서 비롯된 슬래그와 송풍관으로 해석되었다. 금속현미경과 주사전자현미경(scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer) 분석결과, 동괴와 주석괴에 방연석을 첨가하여 완제품 제작을 위한 중간소재를 생성하는 합금단계에서 발생한 부산물로 추정된다. 납동위원소비분석 결과, 한국 남부 Zone Ⅲ지역의 광산에서 채굴된 방연석을 사용하여 합금한 것으로 판단된다. 송풍관은 송풍관의 외측으로 갈수록 Mullite가 검출되어, 1,000℃ 내외에서 조업이 이뤄졌을 가능성이 있다.
Abstract
This study interpreted the characteristics of the site and provenance of raw material by performing material characteristics analysis of the slags and tuyeres excavated from the Sinpung site in Wanju, Jeollabuk-do. The major chemical compositions suggested that the slags and tuyeres were created when Cu-Sn-Pb was alloyed. Metal microscope and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer analyses revealed that the slags and tuyeres were by-products formed in the alloying process. This alloy, created by adding galena to copper and tin ingots, was an intermediary material used in making the finished products. According to the lead isotope ratio analysis result, slags could be made using galena of the southern Zone III region of Korea. Based on the decomposition of mica group minerals and the formation of mullite detected through X-ray diffraction analysis, it is possible to conclude that the tuyeres operated at approximately 1,000℃ as, the mullite was detected on the outside of the tuyeres.
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