고창 선운사 영산전 「습득도」벽화의 제작 기법 특성 연구
Manufacturing Technique Characteristics of the 「Shide (monk)」 Mural Painting in Yeongsanjeon Hall, Seonunsa Temple, Gochang
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초록
본 연구에서는 고창 선운사 영산전 「습득도」벽화에 대한 제작 기법 특성을 파악하기위해 현미경조사, SEM-EDS, XRD, 입도분석, FT-IR, 아이오딘 정색반응을 통한 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 「습득도」벽화는 벽체의 구성이나 사용된 채색 안료 등의 재질 특성에 있어현재까지 연구된 조선시대 사찰벽화의 제작 양식을 반영하고 있다. 하지만 중벽층이 확인되지않고, 채색층 아래로 다수의 바탕칠층이 존재하는 점은 선운사 영산전 「습득도」벽화에서만 확인할 수 있는 특징적인 제작 기법으로 확인된다. 특히 마감층 표면에 탄수화물계 접착 성분이피복되고 그 위로 조립질로 구성된 층위가 미장된 기법은 선행 연구된 사찰벽화 바탕칠 조성경향과는 상이한 특징으로 판단된다. 금번 선운사 영산전 「습득도」 벽화가 갖는 제작 기법적특징에 대한 연구 결과는 향후 영산전 벽화의 보존처리 방향 수립 및 장기적인 보존방안을마련하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한 조선 후기 사찰벽화의 제작 기법 특징과보존관리 연구에 있어 중요한 자료를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
In this study, in order to understand the manufacturing technique characteristics of the「Shide (monk)」 mural painting in Yeongsanjeon Hall, Seonunsa Temple, Gochang, we conductedmicroscopic, SEM-EDS, XRD, particle size analysis, FT-IR, and starch-iodine reactions. As a resultof the study, the 「Shide (monk)」 mural painting reflects the manufacturing style of Joseon Dynastytemple murals that have been studied to date, in terms of the composition of the wall and the materialcharacteristics, such as the pigments used. However, the fact that the middle layer has not beenconfirmed and that there are multiple ground layers below the painting layer is confirmed by the uniquemanufacturing technique that can only be found in the 「Shide (monk)」 mural painting in YeongsanjeonHall, Seonunsa Temple. In particular, the technique in which the surface of the finishing layer is coatedwith a carbohydrate-based adhesive component and a coarse-grained layer is plastered on top of itis considered to be a different characteristic from the composition trend of the Buddhist mural paintingpreviously studied. It is believed that the results of this research on the manufacturing techniques andcharacteristics of the 「Shide (monk)」 mural painting can contribute to establishing a direction forconservation treatment of murals in Yeongsanjeon and preparing long-term conservation plans. It isalso hoped that it will provide important materials for research into the characteristics of themanufacturing techniques and conservation management of murals inspected during the late JoseonDynasty.
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