근대건축물에 도장된 페인트의 재료적 특성 비교 분석: 서울 기상관측소를 중심으로
A Comparative Analysis on the Material Properties of Paintings in Modern Buildings: Focusing on Seoul Weather Station
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초록
본 연구에서는 서울 기상관측소의 창틀, 벽체에 도장된 페인트 시료를 연구 대상으로선정해 단면 관찰 및 단면 분석, 성분 분석을 실시했다. 창틀의 적갈색은 주로 적색 산화철(Fe2O3)으로 티탄백(TiO2)과의 혼합된 상태이고 일부 층위에서는 광명단(Pb3O4) 또는 황연(PbCrO4)이 확인되며 녹색의 기여안료는 유기안료로 추정된다. 창틀에 사용된 수지는 알키드수지이다. 벽체의 백색은 탄산칼슘(CaCO3)과 티탄백(TiO2)이며 옥색은 유기안료 프탈로시아닌그린이다. 내벽은 아크릴 수지를 사용하였다고 판단된다. 페인트의 특성을 서울 기상관측소의벽체와 창경궁 대온실의 기둥, 부산 송정역 외벽과 비교 및 고찰한 결과, 세 건축물에서 공통색상인 백색 페인트는 아연백(ZnO)과 탄산칼슘(CaCO3)을 혼합한 페인트와 티탄백(TiO2)과 탄산칼슘(CaCO3)을 혼합한 페인트 두 종류로 확인된다. 주황색 페인트는 광명단(Pb3O4) 또는 황연(PbCrO4)을, 녹색 계통의 페인트는 유기안료를 사용한 것으로 보인다. 이상의 연구 결과를 기초로 건축물에 도장된 페인트는 건물이 건립된 후 여러 차례의 도장을 실시했다고 여겨지며 이력을 파악하기 위해서는 자연과학적 조사가 필수적으로 수행되어야 할 것이다.
Abstract
In this study, scientific analysis(cross-section and component analysis) was conducted byselecting paint samples painted on the window frames and walls of the Seoul Weather Station. Thecolor of the window frame is reddish brown and green. The reddish brown is mainly red ironoxide(Fe2O3), mixed with titanium white(TiO2), and in some layers, red lead oxide(Pb3O4) or lead(II)chromate(PbCrO4) is identified, and the green pigment is considered organic pigments. The resin usedin the window frame is Alkyd Resin. The color of the wall is divided into pale blue green, white,and ivory colors, and the white color of the wall is calcium carbonate(CaCO3) and titanium white(TiO2),and the pale blue green is the phthalocyanine green. It is determined that paint containing acrylic resinwas used for the inner wall. The characteristics of paint were compared and considered with the wallsof the Seoul Weather Station, the columns of the Grand Greenhouse of Changgyeonggung Palace,and the outer wall of Busan Songjeong Station. White paint, a common color identified in the threebuildings, is identified as two types of paint mixed with zinc White(ZnO) and calciumcarbonate(CaCO3), and titanium white(TiO2) and calcium carbonate(CaCO3). It seems that the orangepaint uses red lead oxide(Pb3O4) or Lead(II) chromate(PbCrO4) and the green paint uses organicpigments. Based on the above research results, paint painted on buildings is believed to have beenpainted several times after the building was built, and natural science research should be carried outto determine the history.
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