간다라 건축물의 회벽 마감 기법에 관한 시고

Abstract

Constructing technique of lime closing walls commonly found in Gandhara area was scientifically reserched. Object remains were lime walls of four temple sites: Butkara I and Jaidu in Swat province, Dharmarajika and Mohranmoradu in Taxila province. Used methods were observation of thin sections of testing samples, observation through optical microscopes, HCI melting experiments and qualitative, quantitative analyses by means of XRD and SEM-EDS. As a result, it was revealed that contructing methods of lime walls in four temple sites are different from each other. Especially, addition materials of plaster in mountainous Swat province were rough sand, small fragments of stone and animal hair, while those in flat Taxila province were accumulated fine sand mixed with vegetable fibre. In both provinces lime walls were made of pure calcite added with much unidentified organic material. Samples of Gandhara wall were compared with same-age samples of Goguryo ancient tomb wall painting. As a result, it was found out that wall-making techniques of two areas were similar. In both areas quality lime was used to make plaster walls, and plaster made of clay, sand and addition materials(vegetable fibre and others) were applied on the walls several times. Differences between two areas are: only chopped straw(vegetable fibre) was used as addition material in Goguryo, while animal hair and unidentified organic material were added much as addition material in Gandhara area.