신흥사 경판의 조성 배경과 사상 - 大顚和尙注心經·諸眞言集·佛說廣本大歲經·僧家日用食時默言作法·大圓集 등을 중심으로 -

Abstract

In Shinheungsa temple, located in Sokcho-si of Korea, there are 269 printing plates of the Buddhist scriptures (Sutras) carved on the wooden blocks, organized as in 25 titles, which were produced in the late period of the Joseon Dynasty. In the center of the relief surface, a column of characters indicating the title and the fascicle number of the sutra suggests that a print from this plate must have been folded in half and published as a book format but not scroll format. In this study, among the engraved scriptures, the Daejeonhwasang Jusimgyeong (Daejeonhwasang’s Annotations on the Heart Sutra, 大顚和尙注心經, 1666), the Collection of Mantras(諸眞言集, 1658), Buseolgwangbondaesegyeng(佛說廣本大歲經, 1670), Seunggailyong- siksimuckeonjakbeop(僧家日用食時默言作法, 1666), the Outline of Buddhist Rituals(諸般文, 1670), and Daewonjip(a collection of literary works of monk-scholar Daewon, 大圓集, 1801) were scrutinized closely. The wooden printing blocks of Buddhist scriptures created in the Shinheungsa temple provide us considerably important information as follow: It could be estimated the advancement of printing technologies during the 17th to 18th centuries. Three character sets were used in engraving the Shinheungsa version of woodblock-sutras with different formats such as Chinese-character only format, Chinese-Korean mixed format, and Chinese-Korean-Sanskrit format. They could be used as a valuable resource of ancient Korean characters. Through the Daejeonhwasang Jusimgyeong, Annotations on the Heart Sutra(般若心經註釋書) by monk-scholar Daejeonhwasang, it is possible to understand the life of monks taking religious practice with Seon(禪) in those days. The Seunggailyongsiksimuckeonjakbeop describing the ritualistic practice of Alms-bowl Meal (Bahru offering) and the Outline of Buddhist Rituals show the aspects of daily life of monks in the monastery. Presumably, there were active interactions between monk-scholars and Confucian scholars, because it is known that the Daewonjip, a collection of literary works written by monk Daewon-Muwoe(大圓無外, 1714~1791) who was a leader of monk-scholars in Shinheungsa temple, had been widely read even in Confucian scholars.