쌍계사(雙磎寺) 팔상도(八相圖)의 도상 특징과 의겸파(義謙派) 팔상도

Abstract

Palsangdo at Ssanggyesa temple was built in 1728 by Ilseon (一禪) and seven painter monks. This Buddhist painting shows the rich content of each image by adding the iconography of ‘Seokssiwonryueunghwasajeok’ to Palsangdo’s iconography established in the early Joseon dynasty, and it follows the iconography of Palsangdo in Gyeongsangnam‐do and Jeollanam‐do in the early 18th century, such as the Palsangdo at Yunheongsa temple (1719) and the Palsangdo at Songgwangsa temple (1725). Ssanggyesa temple, Yunheongsa temple, and Songgwangsa temple were not only adjacent but also had similar iconography because all three works were created by the Uigyeom sect, who supervised the production of Palsangdo in the first half of the 18th century. In other words, it is similar in that there are the point that it regularly arranges 4 to 9 scenes in one phase (相) by borrowing the iconography of ‘’Seokssiwonryueunghwasajeok’’ on a screen that is close to a square, the way of separating scenes using palatial residence, trees (雙松), and clouds, etc., and the fact that yellow, red, and green are used as the main colors. However, the point that the layout of the east, west, south, and north gates of Samunyeolbansang is different, the point that in Seolsansudosang, to emphasize a snow mountain (雪山), white ash was painted along the ridge of the mountain with conifers, and the shape of the mountain was also sharply depicted, the point that the characters are expressed small, so there is a lot of blank space, the point that it uses a soft ocher color as the background color, the sharply delineated mountains and short, serpentine ink lines on the surface, and the coloring technique that paints the perimeter of the lightly colored cloud with white foil, and wraps the green head of Buddha‐Bodhisattva with whitening show the unique characteristics of the Palsangdo at Ssanggyesa temple that are different from that of Yunheongsa temple and that of Songgwangsa temple. This shows that the painters of the Palsangdo at Ssanggyesa temple achieved their own style of painting while inheriting the iconography of the two works, and unlike the Palsangdo of Yunheongsa temple and that of Songgwangsa temple, which were led by Uigyeom or Uigyeom's direct pupils, it is thought that this is because the Palsangdo at Ssanggyesa temple was created by Ilseon, of whom little is known about the painting style connection, working with Choi Woo(最祐) as a head painter monk and others who participated in the creation of the Palsangdo at Songgwangsa temple. The Palsangdo at Ssanggyesa temple is one of the Palsangdos made relatively early among the 50 existing Palsangdos from the late Joseon Dynasty, and is a work created by painter monks who inherited the style of monk Uigyeom, the best painter of the late Joseon Dynasty, and together with Songgwangsa temple Palsangdo, it had a great influence on establishing the iconography of Palsangdo in the late Joseon Dynasty. In this respect, the Palsangdo at Ssanggyesa temple is a representative work of Palsangdos in the first half of the 18th century.