국내 증거 기반 기업가정신 교육: 대학 교재 분석
Evidence-Based Entrepreneurship Education in Korea: Analysis of University-level Textbooks
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초록
‘증거 기반(evidence-based) 교육’은 개인적 경험이나 성공 사례, 그리고 전통적인 속설보다는 과학적연구결과와 근거가 중심이 되는 교육이다. 따라서 증거 기반 기업가정신 교육은 예비 창업자, 투자자를 비롯한 기업가정신 생태계 종사자들로 하여금 기존 속설과 믿음, 단편적 성공 사례로 인해 고착된인지 편향을 완화시켜 중립적인 시각을 견지할 수 있으며, 직관과 경험을 넘어 데이터와 연구 결과에의해 의사결정을 하는 분석적 자질을 연마하는데 기여한다. 본 논문은 현재 국내의 증거 기반 기업가정신 교육의 현주소를 명확히 파악하기 위하여 1999년부터2021년 출판된 49권의 기업가정신(또는 창업)에 관한 대학 교재를 분석하였다. 구체적으로 모든도서의 내용을 1)창업기초, 2)비즈니스모델, 3)마케팅계획, 4)재무계획, 5)운영계획, 6)창업유형, 7)절차 및 제도의 각 7가지 기준으로 구분하고, 각각 사례, 단순 통계, 변인 통계, 선행 연구의 비중을분석하였다. 분석 결과 과학적 증거의 핵심인 선행 연구의 비중은 전체 교재의 총 분량 중 11.25%를차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 국제적인 기준으로 비추어보아 평균적인 수치인 것으로 판단되며기존의 우려와는 달리, 국내 기업가정신 교육의 역사가 짧음에도 불구하고 상당한 수준의 증거를바탕으로 교육이 이루어지고 있음을 반증하고 있다. 본 연구는 나아가 향후 기업가정신 교재에 포함되기를 희망하는 증거의 예시를 제언하고 있다.
Abstract
This study investigates the concept of evidence-based education, which prioritizes scientific research findings over personal experience, success narratives, and conventional beliefs. By emphasizing empirical evidence, evidence-based entrepreneurship education aids aspiring entrepreneurs, investors, and other stakeholders in the entrepreneurial ecosystem to maintain a neutral perspective and overcome cognitive biases that arise from prevailing myths, beliefs, and partial success stories. To gain insight into the current state of evidence-based entrepreneurship education in Korea, this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of 49 university-level textbooks on entrepreneurship published between 1999 and 2021. The content of the textbooks is categorized into seven domains, namely start-up basis, business model, marketing plan, financial plan, operation plan, start-up type, and procedure/system. The proportion of cases, simple statistics, variable statistics, and previous studies is then evaluated. The findings indicate that previous studies, which constitute the crux of empirical evidence, make up an average of 11.25% of the total textbook content, which is consistent with international standards. Furthermore, the results contradict concerns that entrepreneurship education in Korea may be deficient in empirical evidence. The study concludes by offering examples of evidence that could be incorporated into future entrepreneurship textbooks to bolster their evidence-based approach.
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