노인의 의미 있는 활동의 개념과 참여 평가에 관한 고찰: 연구경향과 활용 전망
A Study on the Concept of Meaningful Activity for the Elderly and the Evaluation of Participation: Research Trends and Prospect for Utilization
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초록
목적 : 본 연구는 국외/국내 노인 대상 연구 중 현재 사용되고 의미 있는 활동의 개념을 분석하고 의미 있는활동 참여 평가에 관한 고찰을 통해 추후 연구에서 의미 있는 활동 참여 개념 확립과 평가의 임상적 적용에기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : RISS, Google Scholar, Pubmed, DBpia 데이터베이스를 사용하여 2010년 1월부터 2019년 7월까지게재된 문헌을 수집하였다. 주요 검색어는 “meaningful activity” OR “의미 있는 활동” 을 사용하였으며182개의 논문 중 최종적으로 10편의 논문이 분석대상으로 선정되었다. 선정된 논문은 질적 수준 평가를통해 Level Ⅰ~ Level Ⅴ로 분류되었다. 결과 : 10편 중 5편이 최근 5년 이내에 발표된 연구로 의미 있는 활동 관련 연구는 비교적 최근에 시행되었음을알 수 있었다. 연구는 주로 작업치료사에 의해 미국에서 시행되었으며 연구대상은 비질환군 노인, 성인과질환군 노인이었다. 선행연구 고찰을 통해 의미 있는 활동 개념은 ‘일상생활에서 개인의 가치를 실현하고목표를 달성하게 하며 긍정적인 감정을 경험하게 하는 활동’으로 정리되었다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 도출된 개념과 평가도구의 방향성은 추후 고령화 사회 노인문제에 대한 해결방안으로써의‘의미 있는 활동 참여’ 연구에 기초자료가 될 것이다.
Abstract
Objective : This study was designed to analyze the concepts of current use and meaningful activity in the elderly and provide basic data on establishing concept of participation in meaningful activity and clinical applications. Methods : Using RISS, Google Scholar, Published and DBpia databases, the literature published in the journal was collected from January 2010 to July 2019. The main search term used was "meaningful activity" and 10 of the 182 papers were finally selected for analysis. Based on the qualitative level assessment study by Arbesman, Scheer and Lieberman (2008), the selected paper were classified as Level I to Level V. Results : Five out of 10 studies were published within the last 5 years, indicating that meaningful activity-related studies have been conducted recently. Through prior studies, the concept of meaningful activities was summarized as those that enable individuals to realize their values, achieve their goals and experience positive emotions in their daily lives. Conclusion : The concepts and direction of assessment tools derived from this study will be the basis for the study of ‘meaningful activity participation’ as a solution to the aging society’s elderly problems in the future.
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