조선 사대부 초상화에 나타난 인상학적 해석과 특징

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to interpret the portrait of nobleman(士大夫) in Chosun on the basis of Oriental physiognomic theory in order to clarify its characteristics. The theory of physiognomy is quite diverse. Thus, the theory applied to this study is limited to five types theory(五形相論 : theory which divides facial shape into 5 kinds) which can be observed with portrait, namely, ear, eyebrow, nose, philtrum(人中), beobryung(法令 :wrinkle stretching from nose to both ends of lip.) In this study, the face of Chosun nobleman appearing in the portrait mostly coincided with the affirmative conditions of Oriental physiognomy. Especially, tree type(木形:face in inverted triangle) which represents the shape of scholar in five types theory occupies the majority. And ear, eyebrow, nose, philtrum, mouth, beobryung mostly coincided with the affirmative conditions, which means that the faces of Chosun nobleman could be mostly evaluated affirmatively in terms of physiognomy. The theory of physiognomy which observes & evaluates human face is the products of human experience. Clarifying that the faces of Chosun nobleman can be observed & evaluated through physiognomic theory can be said to be the result of this study. However, the criterion which was negatively judged in terms of physiognomic theory in the past is affirmatively judged in modern study of physiognomy on the contrary. Thus, traditional physiognomy should be basis in principle, but the work to clarify modern physiognomic judgment & characteristics should be also in progress together.