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자각몽의 수면의학적 이해와 응용

Understanding and Application of Lucid Dreams in Sleep Medicine

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초록

자각몽이란 꿈을 꾸는 도중에 꿈을 꾸는 사람 스스로가 꿈이라는 사실을 알고 꾸는 꿈을 말한다. 흔하게 나타나는 현상은 아니지만, 동서양을 막론하고 이미 오래전부터 여러문헌을 통하여 자각몽의 존재에 대한 언급은 지속하여 왔다. 그러나 자각몽이 과학적으로 증명되고 수면의학적 관심과 초점을 받기 시작한 것은 그리 오래되지는 않았다. 짧은 기간에도 불구하고 여러 연구가 진행되어 왔지만, 아직도 자각몽의 신경과학을 비롯한 여러 측면에 대한 이해는 부족한 실정이다. 현재까지 진행된 뇌파, 신경영상학, 및 신경망 분석과 관련된 자각몽 연구 현황을 살펴보았고 자각몽을 유도하는 여러 방법과 시도들에 대해서도 일람하였다. 또한 정신의학적 질환의 치료에 있어서 자각몽이 차지하고 있는 현재의 위상에 대하여 알 수 있었고 임상적 분야를 넘어선 영역에서는 자각몽이 어떻게 활용되고 있는지에 관해서도 확인해 볼 수 있었다. 비록 아직 자각몽에 대한 수면의학적인 이해가 충분하다고는 할 수 없지만 향후 자각몽의 잠재적 적용 가능한 분야가 상당하다고 전망되기 때문에 보다 다양한 연구와 관심이 필요한 시점이라고 할 수 있다.

Abstract

A lucid dream is defined as a dream during which a dreamer is aware that she/he is dreaming. The existence of lucid dream has long been known in the literature, but it hasn't been long before it has received attention in sleep medicine. Although many studies have been conducted since validation of the lucid dream in polysomnography by Steven LaBerge in the 1980s, the neuroscience of lucid dreams is still not fully understood. Here the neuroscientific literature on lucid dreaming, including electroencephalographic, neuroimaging, pharmacological and brain stimulation studies, are reviewed. Also this review gives anoverview on how lucid dreams are used in clinical and nonclinical areas, ranging from nightmare therapy to research on consciousness and creative problem solving.

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