귀농자의 귀농만족도에 미치는 영향 요인 연구
Factors Affecting on the Rural Life Satisfaction of Returners to the Farm
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2000년대 이후에는 도시에 살고 있던 사람들이 농촌(farm village)을 새로운 시각에서 생각하게 되면서 귀농(return to farm)과 귀촌(return to rural)을 하는 사람들이 점차적으로 늘어나고 있는 추세이다. 또한 귀농이라는 것은 창업형(foundation type)의 개념으로도 발전되고 있기 때문에 정부에서도 많은 관심을 갖게 되었으며, 정부기관 및 지자체의 관련기관을 통해 다양한 지원정책을 펴고 있다. 분석결과를 토대로 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 본 연구의 실증분석을 위해 2013년 8월1일부터 8월 30일까지 제주도를 제외한 전국에 귀농한 300명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다 이중 불성실한 답변을 제외한 252부를 최종 유효 표본으로 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Wim Ver. 18.0을 이용하여 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 본 연구의 가설 1인 ‘개인적 특성(individual peculiarities)은 귀농만족도(satisfaction of farm life)에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠 것이다’는 부분적으로 지지되었다. 둘째, 본 연구의 가설 2인 ‘정착적 요인(settlement factors)은 귀농만족도에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠 것이다’는 부분적으로 지지되었다. 셋째, 본 연구의 가설 3인 ‘지역상황적 특성(regional circumstantial factors)은 귀농만족도(satisfaction of farm life)에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠 것이다’는 부분적으로 지지되었다. 넷째, 개인적 특성, 정착적 요인, 지역상황적 특성 및 귀농 만족도 간 사회적 지지(social support)의 조절효과를 검증한 결과, 정착적 요인이 귀농 만족도에 영향을 미칠 때 사회적 지지는 부분적인 조절효과가 있었다. 지역상황적 특성이 귀농 만족도에 영향을 미칠 때 사회적 지지의 조절효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 인구통계적 특성에 따른 개인적 특성, 정착적 요인, 지역상황적 특성 및 귀농 만족도 차이는 분석한 결과, 농촌생활 만족도는 40대 이상이 30대보다, 대학원 재학이상이 대학교 졸업보다, 귀농 전 거주지 특별시가 시/군보다, 귀농지역이 전북이 경북, 충남보다 귀농 이후 농촌생활에 대한 만족도가 더 높게 나타났다.
Abstract
Since 2000, people who lived in the city begin to see returning to farming in a new perspective. People returning to the farming became a trend and therefore, the number of people who are returning to farm are increasing. Because of the concept of take up farming is developing as an idea of establishing a new business, the government agency and the government-related organization are very supportive as the government is interested in the business. The conclusion is below regarding the analysis result In order to receive the analysis of actual proof, we conducted a survey targeting 300 people who returned to farming village in the whole country, excluding Jeju Island from Aug 1st 2013 to Aug 30th 2013. Except uncandidness answers, we used 252 survey results of our sample. Also we used SPSS Wim Ver. 18.0 to draw a conclusion regarding the collected sample. First, regarding of Hypothesis 1 "Personal characteristic will give positive effects in returning to farming village", was partially supportiveSecond, regarding of Hypothesis 2 "Reason of settling will give positive effects in returning to farming village", was partially supportiveThird, regarding of Hypothesis 3 "Geographic characteristics will give positive effects in returning to farming village", was partially supportiveFourth, the effect of social support between the individual characteristic, reason of settling, and geographic characteristics, the result indicated that the social support was partially supportive in farm returners regarding reason of settlement. However, there were no social support effect in returning to farm satisfaction regarding of geographic characteristic. Fifth, after analysing the difference of personal characteristic regarding demographic characteristic, reason of settlement, and geographic characteristic, the result indicated that people who are age 40+, who graduated graduate school lived in metropolitan city, settling to Jeollabuk-do felt higher satisfaction of returning to village than people who are in their 30s, graduated university, lived in city/district, and now settling to Kyung-book and Choong-nam.
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