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액셀러레이터가 스타트업에 미치는 영향 고찰: 네트워크 관점을 중심으로

Understanding the Effects of Accelerators on Startups: A Network-Based Approach

나기혁|양대규|바트톨가 알탄채책
한국벤처창업학회 (The Korean Society of Business Venturing)|2019.02|벤처창업연구 (Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship)|제14권 제1호|pp. 85-99|DOI 10.16972/apjbve.14.1.201902.85

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사회연결망Entrepreneurship스타트업네트워크 효과AcceleratorSocial NetworksStartup조직이론창업가정신액셀러레이터Network effectsOrganization Theory

초록

스타트업이 초기에 무사히 살아남고 지속적인 성장의 기반을 마련하기 위해서는 시작 단계에서 외부의 적절한 도움이 필요하다. 액셀러레이터 (accelerator)는 자금지원 및 멘토링 등 유형과 무형의 도움을 스타트업에게 제공하는 역할을 수행한다. 벤처캐피털와 같은 기존의 주요 창업지원기관들과는 다른 방식으로 스타트업이 초기에 성장할 수 있는 토대를 마련해줄 수 있는 액셀러레이터는 새로운 창업 생태계를 만들어 나가고 있다. 그러나 액셀러레이터에 관한 관심의 증대에도 불구하고 액셀러레이터가 구체적으로 어떠한 방식으로 스타트업에게 영향을 끼칠 수 있는지를 포괄적으로 파악할 수 있는 이론적 고찰이 미비하다. 본 연구는 액셀러레이터의 기능과 역할을 이해함에 있어서 조직의 네트워크 관점이 지니고 있는 이론적 적절성에 주안점을 두고, 네트워크 관점을 어떻게 적용할 수 있을지에 관한 고찰을 한다. 이를 위해 액셀러레이터의 전반적인 현황을 살펴보고, 액셀러레이터와 스타트업이 형성하는 관계에 초점을 맞추어, 그 관계의 네트워크적 특성이 스타트업의 성장에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지에 관해 고찰할지에 관한 제안을 내어놓고자 한다. 이를 통해 초기 단계의 스타트업의 생존과 성장에 관한 보다 효과적인 이해를 도와 향후 액셀러레이터 관련 실증연구에서도 적용할 수 있는 방향성을 제시한다.

Abstract

Startups need proper external supports to survive and build strong foundations for growth in their early stage. Accelerators help such startups by providing tangible and intangible resources. Accordingly, accelerators are creating a social environment that can effectively support the startups in the early stage, distinct from other institutions that fund or help the startups. However, the actual impact of accelerators on startups has not been yet fully scrutinized thoroughly, especially with the lack of theoretical lenses to comprehend accelerators. This paper aims to build a theoretical foundation to understand the role of accelerator, focusing on the network-based perspective. We briefly overview the concept of accelerator and the current status of the accelerator industry. Subsequently, focusing on the network that accelerators and startups create, this paper examines how the characteristics of the network relationships affect the growth and survival of the early-stage startups. Thus, by offering systematic analysis of the underlying mechanisms of the effects of the accelerators under network-based approach, this paper suggests a direction for the future empirical research on the topic of startup accelerator.

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