日本儒学的制度化 -以宽政改革为中心-

Abstract

Taking the Kansei(寬政) Reforms as an opportunity, Japanese Zhu Xi studies was formally established as the official “Orthodox School” by the Tokugawa Bakufu, and the most significant step is to complete the institutionalized reform of Japanese Confucianism. However, previous researches often neglected to analyse the nationalization of Confucianism from the institutional level, so as to ignore the in-depth discussion on the institutionalization of Japanese Confucianism. Therefore, this paper focuses on the Kansei Reforms, and reanalyzes how Edo Confucianism gradually changed from “private school” to “public school” and finally became a real official school through various institutional designs including promoting the sanctification, canonization, and officialization of Japanese Confucianism with the support of governing power. The institutionalization of Confucianism in Japan marks the completion of the localization of Confucianism in Japan represented by Zhu Xi studies (shushi-gaku 朱子學). This not only profoundly affected the intellectual space at the end of the Tokunaga shogunate, but also made Confucianism an important theoretical pillar of the Meiji Restoration, and had an important impact on the process of Japan’s modernization.