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게임개발 벤처기업 투자 결정요인 우선순위에 관한 연구 - 투자자와 피투자자의 차이 분석을 중심으로 -

A Study on the Priority of Determining Factors for Investment in Game Development Venture Companies - Focusing on the analysis of differences between investors and investees -

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주제분류사회과학일반

초록

코로나19 팬데믹 이후, 공간과 시간의 제약 없이 고립감을 해소할 수 있는 엔터테인먼트 활동으로서 게임과 해당 산업은 전례 없는 호황을 누렸고 그 가치에 대해서도 재조명되었다. 이에 역대급 규모의 투자유치, 수 많은 기업간 M&A 등이 활발해지고 있지만, 게임기업 투자요인에 대한 연구는 미흡한 상황으로, 보다 과학적이고 체계적인 연구가 요구된다. 본 연구는 벤처기업에 투자하는 대표적 기관투자자인 벤처캐피탈의 투자 의사결정에 대한 문헌고찰을 기반으로 델파이 조사를 진행하였고, 벤처캐피탈의 의사결정기준 연구와 사회적 판단이론인 렌즈모델(Lens Model)을 결합해 Zacharakis & Meyer(2000)가 제시한 프레임워크를 바탕으로 한 연구모형을 개발하였다. 문헌연구와 델파이조사를 통해 4가지 주기준과 13개의 하부기준으로 구성된 연구모형을 도출한 후, 국내 게임 벤처기업에 투자를 진행한 기관투자자들과 피투자자를 대상으로 AHP 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 기관투자자의 주요 투자결정 요인으로는 게임의 차별화가 가장 중요했고, 제작팀의 산업경험/과거실적, 팀 구성 완성도, 프로토타입/R&D, 타 게임 대비 완성도 순으로 확인되었다. 피투자 집단에서는 팀 구성 완성도가 가장 높은 중요요인이었고, 또한 게임의 차별화가 중요하였다. 본 연구에서 주기준과 하부기준 및 기준별 가중치를 통해 확인한 중요도에 따라 투자 평가기준을 만들 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 집단비교를 통해 확인한 집단 간 차이를 통해 기관투자자와 피투자자에게 투자 목적에 맞는 투자처의 방향성을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, as an entertainment activity that can relieve the sense of isolation without space and time constraints, games and their respective industries have enjoyed an unprecedented boom, and their value has been re-examined. Despite the unprecedented scale of investment attraction and numerous M&As between companies, research on investment factors in game companies is insufficient. Therefore, more scientific and systematic research is required. This study conducted a Delphi survey based on a literature review on the investment decision-making of venture capital, which is a representative institutional investor investing in venture companies. The research model was developed based on the framework presented by Zacharakis & Meyer (2000), combining research on decision-making criteria in venture capital and Lens Model, a social judgment theory. A research model consisting of 4 main criteria and 13 sub-criteria was derived through a literature study and a Delphi survey, and an AHP analysis was conducted targeting institutional investors and investees who invested in domestic game venture companies. The analysis results of this study are as follows. Game differentiation was the most important factor for institutional investors' investment decision, and there was a difference in importance in the order of industrial experience/past performance of the production team, completeness of team composition, prototype/R&D, and completeness compared to other games. In the investee group, team composition completeness was the most important factor, and game differentiation was important. In this study, it is judged that it will be possible to create investment evaluation criteria according to the importance identified through the main criterion, sub-criteria, and weights for each criterion. In addition, the differences between the groups confirmed through group comparison will provide institutional investors and investees with the direction of investment destinations suitable for their investment purposes.

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