Oscillating between ‘East’ and ‘West’: Muhammad Iqbal and an Islamic Recasting of Modernity
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This article examines the writings of Muhammad Iqbal as the site of an encounter between Islamic and Western thoughts. It argues that the encounter takes place on two distinct levels. First, critical of what he deems to be the intellectual and material stagnation of Muslim societies, Iqbal draws on modern European philosophies to develop a theory of Islamic modernity and civilizational renewal. Second, alarmed by a supposed moral depletion of European modernity, Iqbal draws on the teachings of Islam’s mystical tradition to negotiate an alternative epistemological and ontological foundation for his theory of modernity to that of European Enlightenment. Highlighting on the one hand the colonial context and on the other the cosmopolitan horizon within which Iqbal’s thinking takes shape, the article offers an account of Iqbal’s creative oscillation between two traditions of knowledge production which he designates East and West.
Abstract
This article examines the writings of Muhammad Iqbal as the site of an encounter between Islamic and Western thoughts. It argues that the encounter takes place on two distinct levels. First, critical of what he deems to be the intellectual and material stagnation of Muslim societies, Iqbal draws on modern European philosophies to develop a theory of Islamic modernity and civilizational renewal. Second, alarmed by a supposed moral depletion of European modernity, Iqbal draws on the teachings of Islam’s mystical tradition to negotiate an alternative epistemological and ontological foundation for his theory of modernity to that of European Enlightenment. Highlighting on the one hand the colonial context and on the other the cosmopolitan horizon within which Iqbal’s thinking takes shape, the article offers an account of Iqbal’s creative oscillation between two traditions of knowledge production which he designates East and West.
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