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PPAR-γ 작용제의 치료적 역할

Therapeutic Roles of PPAR-γ Agonists

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주제분류가정의학

초록

PPAR-γ 작용제는 2형 당뇨병에 사용되고 있는 새로운 계열의 항당뇨약물로, 인슐린의 목적조직과 죽상동맥경화증에 중요한 역할을 하며 다양한 세포에서 발현되는 PPAR-γ를 선택적으로 활성화시킨다. 일차적으로 PPAR-γ 작용제는 목적조직의 인슐린저항성을 감소시킴으로써 혈당 조절을 향상시키나, 췌장의 베타세포에 대해서도 직접적인 이로운 효과를 나타낸다는 근거가 제시되고 있다. PPAR-γ 작용제는 내당능장애 환자에서 인슐린 분비반응과 프로인슐린의 분비를 향상시키며, 베타세포에 대한 특이한 효과는 베타세포의 기능을 연장할 뿐 아니라, 미세혈관 합병증 예방에 필수적인 혈당조절을 강화한다. PPAR-γ 작용제는 2형 당뇨병에 동반되는 대혈관합병증을 예방하는 데도 이로운 효과를 나타내는데, 2형 당뇨병에 특징적으로 동반되는 이상지질혈증을 개선하고 혈압을 낮추며 섬유소용해를 강화시킨다. 뿐만 아니라, 직접적으로 혈관에 영향을 주어 내피세포의 두께를 감소시키고 단핵구의 이동을 억제하기도 한다. 이러한 항죽상동맥경화효과는 2형 당뇨병에 흔히 동반되는 심혈관합병증을 낮추는데 일조를 할 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 질병초기부터 PPAR-γ 작용제를 사용하면 장기간의 미세혈관 및 대혈관합병증을 감소시키는 데 효과적일 것으로 생각된다.

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