이삭물수세미(Myriophyllum spicatum L.) 에탄올 추출물의 항산화와 항염증 효과
Evaluation Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Myriophyllum spicatum L. in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이삭물수세미는 민간에서는 전초를 고름, 염증 등에 약용으로 사용하였으나, 염증에 대한 연구가 미비한 상황이다. 이에본 연구에서는 이삭물수세미 추출물(EMS)의 항산화 효능과 항염증 효능을 분석하였다. 항산화 효능은 DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 환원력을 통해 산화적 스트레스를 통해 염증을 유발시킬 수있는 ROS (Hong et al., 2020; Snezhkina et al., 2019)를 억제하는지 확인하였고, 항염증 효능은 염증 발현 인자인 LPS를 이용하여 RAW 264.7 대식세포에 염증을 유도한 뒤pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β)과 염증 매개체(NO, PGE2)의억제 및 TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway 발현 억제를통해 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 항산화 효능에 있어서는 DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 Fe3+를 Fe2+로 환원시키는 환원력이 농도 의존적으로 증가함을 확인하였다. 무독성 상태에서 실험하기 위해LPS와 EMS를 처리한 RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 90% 이상의 생존율을 나타내는 조건에서 실험을 진행하였다. LPS로 염증이유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에서 EMS는 염증 매개 인자의 발현 및생성 억제(iNOS에 의한 NO 생성 및 COX-2에 의한 PGE2 생성억제)와 pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α및 IL-1β)의 생성 또한 억제하였다. 특이적으로 COX-2에 의한 PGE2 생성 억제에서는 고농도에서 작용함을 확인하였고, IL-1β에서는 약한억제력을 보였다. 이후signaling pathway에서 염증 전사인자경로를 확인하기 위하여 TLR4/MyD88의 활성을 확인하였고, EMS 처리에 따라 농도 의존적으로 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 이에 따라 염증 초기 단계에서 NF-κB p65가 nuclear로 들어가는 것을 억제하는지 확인하기 위해 early time (LPS 처리 후30, 60 min) 조건으로 nuclear에서 p65 인산화를 확인하였다. 그 결과, LPS 자극으로 인해 증가된 p65 인산화가 EMS에 의해 부분적으로 억제됨을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 통해 LPS로 염증이 유도된 RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 EMS가 COX-2에 의한PGE2 생성 억제와 IL-1β의 생성에 있어 낮은 억제력을 가진 반면, iNOS에 의한 NO과 TNF-α생성 및 TLR4/MyD88 singnaling pathway에 있어 강한 억제력을 가짐을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 EMS가 ROS를 제거하고 TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway를 억제함으로써 염증 인자들의 전사를 억제하고, 염증 인자 부분에서는 iNOS에 의한 NO 생성과 TNF-α생성을 강하게 억제하여 RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 LPS로 자극된 염증을억제하는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway를 통한 pro-inflammatory cytokine과염증 매개체와의 연관성에 대한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있는 근거 자료가 될 수있을 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Myriophyllum spicatum L. has been used as an ornamental in ponds and aquariums, and as a folk remedy for inflammation and pus. Nevertheless, the biological activity and underlying mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects are unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract of Myriophyllum spicatum L. (EMS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Antioxidant activity of EMS was assessed by radical-scavenging effects on ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. As inflammatory response parameters produced by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were quantified to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of EMS. Our results showed that EMS increased FRAP and DPPH radicalscavenging activity. In EMS-treated RAW 264.7 cells, the production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-1β was significantly inhibited at the non-cytotoxic concentration. In addition, EMS significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/myeloid differentiation protein (MyD) 88 signaling pathway, and inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB). Positive correlations were noted between anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, it was indicated that EMS suppresses the transcription of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby suppressing LPS-stimulated inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. This study highlights the potential role of EMS against inflammation and associated diseases.
참고문헌 (49)
- Muhammad Ayaz Anwar, "Negative regulatory approaches to the attenuation of Toll-like receptor signaling", Experimental and Molecular Medicine, 45(2), pp.1~14 (2013), 생화학분자생물학회
- Atreya, R., "Involvement of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer", Clin. Rex. Allergy Immunol, 28(3), pp.187~196 (2005)
- Babcock, T. A., "Synergistic anti-inflammatory activity of omega-3 lipid and rofecoxib pretreatment on macrophage proinflammatory cytokine production occurs via divergent NF-kappaB activation", J. Parenter Enteral. Nutr, 28(4), pp.232~239 (2004)
- Braddock, M., "Targeting IL-1 in inflammatory disease: New opportunities for therapeutic intervention", Nat. Rev. Drug Discov, 3(4), pp.330~339 (2004)
- Chainy, G. B. N., "Hormones and oxidative stress: An overview", Free Radic. Res, 54, pp.1~26 (2020)
- Cheel, J., "Free radical scavengers and antioxidants from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.)", J. Agric. Food Chem, 53(7), pp.2511~2517 (2005)
- Chelombitko, M. A, "Role of reactive oxygen species in inflammation: A minireview", Moscow Univ. Biol. Sci. Bull, 73(4), pp.199~202 (2018)
- Cheng, B. C. Y., "A herbal formula consisting of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus and Lonicerae Japonicae Flos inhibits inflammatory mediators in LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages", J. Ethnopharmacol, 153(3), pp.922~927 (2014)
- Choi, H. Y., "Curcumin interrupts the interaction between the androgen receptor and Wnt", β -catenin signaling pathway in LNCaP prostate cancer cells, 2010, pp.13(4), 343~349
- Church, L. D., "Canakinumab, a fully-human mAb against IL-1beta for the potential treatment of inflammatory disorders", Curr. Opin. Mol. Ther, 11(1), pp.81~89 (2009)
- Coleman, J. W, "Nitric oxide in immunity and inflammation", Int. Immunopharmacol, 1(8), pp.1397~1406 (2001)
- Cui, E. J., "Isolation and identification of Quercitrin from Myriophyllum spicatum L", Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci, 27, pp.62~65 (2008)
- Dinarello, C. A, "Biological basis for Interleukin-1 in disease", Blood, 87(6), pp.2095~2147 (1996)
- Dinarello, C. A, "Therapeutic strategies to reduce IL-1 activity in treating local and systemic inflammation", Curr. Opin. Pharmacol, 4, pp.378~385 (2004)
- Fang, H., "Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in intracerebral hemorrhageinduced inflammation and injury", J. Neuroinflammation, 10(1), pp.1~10 (2013)
- Feghali, C. A., "Cytokines in acute and chronic inflammation", Front. Biosci, 2(4), pp.12~26 (1997)
- Fujihara, M., "Molecular mechanisms of macrophage activation and deactivation by lipopolysaccharide : Roles of the receptor complex", Pharmacol. Ther, 100, pp.171~194 (2003)
- Gross, E. M., "Release and ecological impact of algicidal hydrolysable polyphenols in Myriophyllum spicatum", Phytochemistry, 41(1), pp.133~138 (1996)
- Guha, M., "LPS induction of gene expression in human monocytes", Cell. Signal, 13(2), pp.85~94 (2001)
- Guzik, T., "Nitric oxide and superoxide in inflammation", J. Physiol. Pharmacol, 54(4), pp.469~487 (2003)
- Hong, S., "A comparative study on phenolic content, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory capacity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of sorghum in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages", Antioxidants, 9(12), pp.1297~ (2020)
- Jeong, J. W., "Anti-inflammatory effects of genistein via suppression of the toll-like receptor 4-mediated signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia", Chem. Biol. Interact, 212, pp.30~39 (2014)
- Jones, N, "Fructose reprogrammes glutaminedependent oxidative metabolism to support LPS-induced inflammation", Nat. Commun, 12(1), pp.1209~ (2021)
- Kawahara, K., "Prostaglandin E2-induced inflammation: Relevance of prostaglandin E receptors", Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1851(4), pp.414~421 (2015)
- 김철환, "LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7 대식세포의 염증반응에서 MAPK 신호경로 조절을 통한 지칭개 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과", 한국자원식물학회지, 34(1), pp.23~30 (2021), 한국자원식물학회
- 김동희, "대식세포 내에서의 홍화자 추출물의 항염증 활성", 생명과학회지, 23(1), pp.55~62 (2013), 한국생명과학회[DOI]
- 김다솜, "망개나무 추출물의 NF-κB 및 MAPK 신호전달 억제를 통한 항염증 효과", 한국자원식물학회지, 34(1), pp.31~36 (2021), 한국자원식물학회
- 김지혜, "누리장나무 잎 추출물의 항산화 및 항염증 활성", 생명과학회지, 27(6), pp.640~645 (2017), 한국생명과학회
- 김승희, "LPS로 유도된 RAW264.7 세포주 염증모델에서 소리쟁이의 법제처리에 따른 항염증 효과", 한국식품영양학회지, 32(5), pp.408~416 (2019), 한국식품영양학회[DOI]
- Laksmitawati, D. R., "Anti-inflammatory potential of gandarusa (Gendarussa vulgaris Nees) and soursoup (Annona muricata L) extracts in LPS stimulated-macrophage cell (RAW264.7)", J. Nat. Remedies, 16(2), pp.73~81 (2016)
- 이승훈, "마우스 대식세포 RAW 264.7 세포주에서 hesperetin에 의한 p38 MAPK와 ERK1", 2를 통한 염증반응 조절, 2019, pp.29(1), 129~134[DOI]
- 이원준, "일회성 유산소운동 후 쥐의 골격근에서 toll-like receptor4, IL-6, TNF- α 및 suppressor of cytokine signaling-3의 근섬유 형태 특이적 발현", 생명과학회지, 21(9), pp.1259~1265 (2011), 한국생명과학회
- Li, G. Z., "Expression of myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (Myd88) in the cerebral cortex after experimental traumatic brain injury in rats", Brain Res, 1396, pp.96~104 (2011)
- Lopez-Castejon, G., "Understanding the mechanism of IL-1β secretion", Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 22(4), pp.189~195 (2011)
- Meléndez-Martínez, A. J, "An overview of carotenoids, apocarotenoids, and vitamin A in agro-food, nutrition, health, and disease", Mol. Nutr. Food Res, 63, pp.e1801045~ (2019)
- Nakai, S., "Anti-cyanobacterial fatty acids released from Myriophyllum spicatum", Hydrobiologia, 543(1), pp.71~78 (2005)
- Nakai, S., "Myriophyllum spicatum-released allelopathic polyphenols inhibiting growth of blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa", Water Res, 34(11), pp.3026~3032 (2000)
- Needleman, P., "The discovery and function of COX-2", J. Rheumatol. Suppl, 49, pp.6~8 (1997)
- Nemmar, A, "The salutary effects of catalpol on diesel exhaust particles-induced thrombogenic changes and cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis", Biomedicines, 10(1), pp.99~ (2022)
- Parameswaran, N., "Tumor necrosis factor-α signaling in macrophages", Crit. Rev. Eukaryot. Gene Expr, 20(2), pp.87~103 (2010)
- Ren, K., "Role of interleukin-1β during pain and inflammation", Brain Res. Rev, 60(1), pp.57~64 (2009)
- Sambon, "Dibenzoylthiamine has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in cultured cells and in mouse models of stress and neurodegeneration", Biomedicines, 8(9), pp.361~ (2020)
- 서현주, "Immune-Enhancing Effects of Green Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Extracts through the TLR4-MAPK", NF-κB Signaling Pathways in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells, 2020, pp.33(3), 183~193[DOI]
- 서경혜, "Anti-inflammatory Effects of Various Mushrooms in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells", 한국자원식물학회지, 31(5), pp.478~488 (2018), 한국자원식물학회[DOI]
- Snezhkina, A. V., "ROS generation and antioxidant defense systems in normal and malignant cells", Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev, 2019, pp.6175804~ (2019)
- Westman, M., "Expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 in rheumatoid arthritis synovium", Arthritis Rheum, 50(6), pp.1774~1780 (2004)
- Yen, G. C., "Antioxidant activity of various tea extracts in relation to their antimutagenicity", J. Agric. Food Chem, 43, pp.27~32 (1995)
- 윤영일, "LPS로 염증 유도된 RAW 264.7세포에 대한 참콩풍뎅이(Popillia flavosellata) 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과", 생명과학회지, 25(9), pp.993~999 (2015), 한국생명과학회
- Zhu, H.T., "Curcumin attenuates acute inflammatory injury by inhibiting the TLR4", MyD88, J. Neuroinflammation, pp.2014, 11(1)[DOI]
